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thing between us and lunch hey David job

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you begun to dogmas of materialism I

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just want to say that in in Fairfield

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Iowa we had a for a long time a car

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repair shop he called himself the

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quantum mechanic so my talk is two

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dogmas of materialism towards a

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consciousness based framework for

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understanding mental causation I'm a

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philosopher of science and a professor

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of physics at Maris University which is

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the home of consciousness based

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education and this is a a chart of a

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study that was done a project in 1983 in

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Israel and it brought together a number

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of advanced transcendental meditation

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practitioners called TM cities

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participants and that's the blue line

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and over a 10-week period they got

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together at a central location in

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Jerusalem my wife ILO was a new TM

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teacher at the time and was one of the

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organizers and a quality of life index

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including a reduction in war deaths at

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the time and the matching is enormous ly

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striking and this was published in a

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leading journal in conflict resolution

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called the Journal of conflict

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resolution and the main criticisms of

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this study were that we know that it has

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a prior probability of 0 that this

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effect of collective consciousness could

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affect the quality of life and so that

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prior probability is based on an

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understanding of consciousness as a

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localized offshoot of brain functioning

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materialism and so I want to talk about

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materialism in this talk so what exactly

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is wrong with materialism anyway well

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there's the hard problem of

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consciousness which everybody here knows

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about

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and it wreaks havoc with our concepts of

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personal responsibility and moral

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obligations if we're just sophisticated

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computers or robots then how are we

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responsible for our actions

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it's short-circuits debate about size

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phenomena if we're if consciousness is

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just a localized offshoot of the brain

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then long-range effects we can rule out

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a priori and finally it's conceptually

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incoherent conceptually incoherent we

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know there's a lot of problems with

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materialism but why conceptually

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incoherent well here's a model of how

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consciousness relates to the brain and

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for the reductionist materialist mind is

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just an offshoot of the brain now

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evolution has evolved so that the neural

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firing mechanisms in the brain lead us

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to get out of the way of danger but

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those same neural firing mechanisms

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according to the materialist give rise

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to cognitive content which refers to the

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environment and can be either true or

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false but that cognitive content may be

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totally unrelated to the the neural

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firing mechanisms which lead us to take

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the actions to get us out of the way so

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evolutionary theory leads to this idea

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that there's this materialism in general

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leads to this disconnect between

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cognitive content and causative effects

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of our neural processes and Alvin

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Plantinga

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has made a nice exposition of this

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argument I did also in Y Jaglom Kim's

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physicalism is not near enough published

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in neuro quant ology and this is kind of

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a car wreck to the materialist program

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because if it undermines his confidence

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in the cognitive functioning period

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including materialism its

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then why is the materialist paradigm the

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dominant paradigm

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I suggest that there are two main

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arguments I call them - dogmas of

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materialism because neither of them

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stands up to scrutiny

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maybe materialism is just a bad idea but

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here's the first dogma

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damage to critical brain regions

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degrades cognitive function therefore

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the argument goes consciousness is a

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product of the brain now there are two

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problems with this argument first the

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premise is not true in the second the

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conclusion doesn't follow now why is the

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premise not true we already heard the

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neuroscientist explaining that damage to

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the brain sometimes releases anomalous

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cognitive capabilities so the brain the

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brain isn't strictly stimulating or

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producing consciousness and cognition

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its inhibitory capacity is

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underestimated in popular expositions of

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neuroscience and here's a study by Robin

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Carhartt and his group on psilocybin and

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he found that the key connector hubs

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showed a decreased activity enabling a

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state of unconstrained cognition those

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are his words there's a nice study by

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Andrew Newberg on Brazilian mediums and

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what he found was that there's a

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decrease in activity in critical regions

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deja vu studies in the Czech Republic

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showed that there are certain critical

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structures in the brain that correlate

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with deja boo' experiences and the

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interesting thing is that those

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structures are smaller in people who

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have frequent Dasia who experience

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near-death experiences

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dr. eben Alec

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Xander made this very popular and he

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said that we're conscious in spite of

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our brains now so the inhibitory

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function of the brain is underestimated

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it's not just a simple linear relation

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between impairment of neural functioning

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and degradation of cognitive ability the

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second is there's even if that were true

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it wouldn't follow that because our

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waking state consciousness is reduced

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that that an elimination of

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consciousness period consciousness

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itself may be a much larger phenomenon

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than our waking state experience and

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brain chemistry commissure atomy shows

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that under extraordinary circumstances

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but hemispheres of the brain can support

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centers of consciousness which don't

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communicate with each other don't know

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about each other and Steven Browdy has a

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nice book on multiple personality

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disorder and there can be separate

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personalities with within a person that

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some of which don't know about the

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others so but if materialism isn't the

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best approach to the problem of

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consciousness

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what's better what's the alternative

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well the the dualist model goes way back

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in history the idea that we're in like

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the charioteer in a chariot and the body

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in the brain would be the chariot and we

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are the controller's of the chariot and

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Rene Descartes dis famous for this with

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his concept of substance dualism that

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there's an interaction between mind and

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brain and he was criticized by his

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friend and student

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Princess Elizabeth of Bohemia and she

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wrote a charming there's a charming

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exchange of letters in which she asks if

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the mind is non spatial and in the body

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and brain

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are spatially extended how can there be

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an interaction and her model of

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causation who the same as des cartes

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causation is very much embedded in

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spatial context and that's a very modern

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kind of criticism so that leads us to

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the second dogma of materialism if the

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mind is distinct from the brain it could

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not affect neuro physiological

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functioning without violating

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conservation of energy

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of course Descartes didn't have know

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about conservation of energy but that's

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the way it's put in modern in modern

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treatments so again there's a problem

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there because conservation of energy is

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a scientific principle and it states

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that in a causally closed system energy

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is conserved and this and these

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discussions are usually put in terms of

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conservation of energy but it applies to

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conservation of momentum and any of the

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other conservation principles so in a

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causally closed system energy is

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conserved what this argument is really

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based on is the principle of causal

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closure of the physical domain it's and

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that's a metaphysical add-on it's not

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science so the transmission model goes

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way back to William James and Frederik

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Meijer and this is an advancement on the

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cartesian substance dualism

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interactionism and the transmission

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model the inhibitory role of the brain

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is emphasized and the brain acts as a

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filter some of the metaphors are that

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the relationship between brain and

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consciousness are like like a chemical

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compound you have sodium and you have

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chlorine and they both exist separately

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and independently but in combination

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they produce salt which has its own

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properties or maybe the brain modulates

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consciousness it's like a prism that it

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doesn't produce the light but it takes

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incoming

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light and modulates it and outputs a

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spectrum of colors or the brain is like

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a radio it picks up the signal in the

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electromagnetic field the signal in the

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electromagnetic field is they are

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independent of the radio but the radio

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picks it up and amplifies it or the

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plain old sieve or filter that the brain

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filters out much of higher cognition and

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consciousness so the waking state is a

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fraction of our consciousness

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now the Transcendental Meditation

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research can be understood in terms of

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this transmission model TM produces

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alpha-1 EEG whereas sleep produces delta

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so this is a TM is often described as

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producing a state of restful alertness

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so this restfulness this alpha is it's

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described as an idling frequency it's a

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minimal state of brain activity which

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allows higher awareness heightened

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awareness to flow through TM Bruce's

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higher blood flow to the front of the

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brain and lower blood flow to the brain

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stem the brainstem is very much involved

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in wakefulness and the fact that TM

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involves lower blood flow and this

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correlates with heightened awareness

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would be paradoxical from the

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materialist production point of view TM

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increases serotonin which is involved in

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mood stability and most important the

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subjective experience of pure

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consciousness is a state of heightened

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awareness and alertness now here's what

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one of the studies which I find

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interesting this was by Russell Hebert

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one of Fred Travis's students Fred

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Travis is one of the leading researchers

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at Morris University and this shows zero

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lag phase synchrony so these are

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nineteen he G leads across the skull and

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the fact that the different regions of

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the brain are firing in a coherent

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fashion

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is one of the signatures of

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transcendental consciousness and the

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fact that there's euro lag

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suggests to me

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influence there now most of the

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materialist arguments are based on a

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classical physics understanding for

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example philosophers critique the idea

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that there could be a mind brain

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interaction on the basis of a similar

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kind of argument to what Princess

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Elizabeth put forward which is that they

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call it the pairing problem that how do

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you know that a shot the target and not

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B well you look at their spatial

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orientation how they were pointing their

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gun and all these spatial

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characteristics but that relying too

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heavily on classical understanding is

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and generalizing from from those

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constraints is a hasty generalization

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Bertrand Russell commented on the man

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who fell off the observation deck of the

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Empire State Building and he was heard

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to say as he dropped past the 59th floor

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so Niels Bohr one of my heroes he he

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received the order of the elephant and

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he selected as his coat of arms the

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yin-yang symbol and he's famous for the

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complementarity principle and he was

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very interested in the complementarity

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of subjectivity and objectivity that the

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that the difficulty in finding a clean

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divide a clean line of demarcation

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between subject and object is indication

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of deeper reality and quantum physics

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may be scratching the surface of that

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deeper reality it's not the the final

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word for sure but our understanding of

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space-time may be more sophisticated

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than what classical physics

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assumes consciousness is strange and

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quantum mechanics is strange but what do

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they have to do with each other

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one thing is quantum entanglement and as

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Garrett pointed out it doesn't involve a

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signal transmission yet the entanglement

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is real and I would cause call that a

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causal connection even though there's

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not a transfer of information when when

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one of the particles assumes an

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eigenstate of the observable the other

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one has to assume the the opposing value

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and that's a causal connection

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quantum entanglement Schrodinger said I

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would not call that one but rather the

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characteristic trait of quantum

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mechanics and contemporary physics is

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looking for deeper explanations of

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quantum entanglement and one proposal

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that involves a tear in the fate

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spatio-temporal fabric Einstein remarked

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on the most incomprehensible thing about

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the universe is that it is

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comprehensible and Eugene Wigner and the

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same vein talked about the unreasonable

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effectiveness of mathematics in the

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00:16:49,660 --> 00:16:47,000
Natural Sciences there seems to be a

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connection between subjectivity and

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objectivity that allows for scientific

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knowledge to go forward now Immanuel

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Kant is one of the the leading figures

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in this understanding and although we

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have to go beyond cought because he was

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too wedded to Newtonian physics

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investing in studying Conte is well

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00:17:16,390 --> 00:17:14,450
worth the effort in my opinion here's a

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model simplified model of his

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understanding the objective world and

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the observer or the knower it's based on

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a Newman Oh realm a transcendental realm

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he called his model transcendental

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00:17:32,110 --> 00:17:29,560
idealism it's very similar to what we

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00:17:34,690 --> 00:17:32,120
discussed at Maris University where on

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the right we have the mind and on the

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left we have the the domain of physics

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and they have a common source in the

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00:17:45,250 --> 00:17:41,030
unified field which we interpret as a

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field of pure intelligence now here Kant

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thought that he actually

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a really wonderful sophisticated

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00:17:56,380 --> 00:17:53,600
discussion he derives physics from

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consciousness and here's his table of

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categories this goes way back to

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00:18:04,780 --> 00:18:02,170
Aristotle and even before to Plato the

355
00:18:07,960 --> 00:18:04,790
understanding of the innate ideas the

356
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the forms which structure reality the

357
00:18:11,650 --> 00:18:09,980
relational ones are the most interesting

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for the derivation of physics and he

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talked about three primary archetypal

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ideas substance causation and

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reciprocity substance is a principle of

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stability or permanence causation we

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00:18:31,330 --> 00:18:29,020
know about reciprocity is a wholeness or

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systematicity nowadays we talk about

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complexity here I've developed a chart

366
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based on Kant's discussion substance

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give rise gives rise to time so time and

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space are not absolute they come from

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something deeper something embedded in

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consciousness and this is the beginning

371
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of a model that would support heightened

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awareness that comes from transcendental

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experience and also SCI phenomena

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substance is the basis of duration

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causation is the basis for sequence

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before and after recent reciprocity is

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the basis for simultaneity so time and

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also space are manifestations of

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something deeper they come from

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consciousness itself and here he has he

381
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uses these same ideas as the basis for

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00:19:28,720 --> 00:19:26,510
physic conservation of energy actually

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00:19:30,880 --> 00:19:28,730
conservation of energy was later than

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caught but he knew about Lavoisier's

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00:19:36,610 --> 00:19:34,280
work on conservation of matter causation

386
00:19:38,530 --> 00:19:36,620
gives rise to the force laws reciprocity

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to Newton's third law for every action

388
00:19:44,430 --> 00:19:40,160
there's an equal and opposite reaction

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00:19:49,060 --> 00:19:44,440
and in contemporary physics where

390
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conservation laws are even deeper

391
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principles are the symmetry principles

392
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the force laws Fineman diagrams and

393
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Newton's third law we have quantum

394
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entanglement

395
00:20:03,120 --> 00:20:00,850
so project is very much relevant to

396
00:20:05,220 --> 00:20:03,130
advances in modern physics and the way

397
00:20:08,129 --> 00:20:05,230
to understand quantum mechanics I think

398
00:20:09,649 --> 00:20:08,139
is that it's just scratching the tip of

399
00:20:13,919 --> 00:20:09,659
the iceberg

400
00:20:16,610 --> 00:20:13,929
for where physics needs to go and where

401
00:20:20,159 --> 00:20:16,620
physics needs to go there will be real

402
00:20:22,889 --> 00:20:20,169
intelligence and information so just to

403
00:20:24,509 --> 00:20:22,899
wrap up below the concepts of the

404
00:20:27,029 --> 00:20:24,519
understanding which we just looked at

405
00:20:29,430 --> 00:20:27,039
are the ideas of reason purpose

406
00:20:31,980 --> 00:20:29,440
systematicity and freewill and for Kant

407
00:20:34,860 --> 00:20:31,990
we know these are embedded in nature but

408
00:20:37,590 --> 00:20:34,870
physics can't get there and why I think

409
00:20:41,039 --> 00:20:37,600
quantum physics and more quantum field

410
00:20:44,430 --> 00:20:41,049
theory and string theory are relevant to

411
00:20:48,629 --> 00:20:44,440
the study of consciousness intelligence

412
00:20:52,879 --> 00:20:48,639
in size phenomena is because contre

413
00:20:55,529 --> 00:20:52,889
can't these these deep ideas are

414
00:20:58,110 --> 00:20:55,539
accessible to physics at least in

415
00:21:04,019 --> 00:20:58,120
principle it may require new mathematics

416
00:21:06,210 --> 00:21:04,029
new physics but to foreclose that that

417
00:21:09,060 --> 00:21:06,220
and say that these are not accessible to

418
00:21:12,509 --> 00:21:09,070
science is to shut the door prematurely

419
00:21:14,460 --> 00:21:12,519
so that's where I think didn't go far

420
00:21:16,889 --> 00:21:14,470
enough so here that from the

421
00:21:19,879 --> 00:21:16,899
transcendental realm the ideas of reason

422
00:21:23,369 --> 00:21:19,889
emerge the concepts of the understanding

423
00:21:25,980 --> 00:21:23,379
are a more expressed level and then just

424
00:21:27,960 --> 00:21:25,990
looking at the objective trends space

425
00:21:33,740 --> 00:21:27,970
and time emerge from that and then

426
00:21:43,540 --> 00:21:33,750
matter and causation so we'll wrap up

427
00:22:03,770 --> 00:21:44,780
okay

428
00:22:06,860 --> 00:22:03,780
so any questions as it sometimes

429
00:22:10,010 --> 00:22:06,870
happened before I I find myself with

430
00:22:13,220 --> 00:22:10,020
more issues than can really be addressed

431
00:22:16,630 --> 00:22:13,230
in a simple question session so I'll

432
00:22:21,010 --> 00:22:16,640
address one of them where one of your

433
00:22:25,670 --> 00:22:21,020
four starting criticisms of materialism

434
00:22:29,510 --> 00:22:25,680
was that it it eliminates the concept of

435
00:22:31,910 --> 00:22:29,520
personal responsibility and morality in

436
00:22:37,700 --> 00:22:31,920
the first place that's factually false

437
00:22:40,280 --> 00:22:37,710
because there are any number of of

438
00:22:44,600 --> 00:22:40,290
committed philosophical materialists who

439
00:22:49,030 --> 00:22:44,610
live according to very stringent and

440
00:22:53,060 --> 00:22:49,040
robust moral codes but more relevant

441
00:22:55,460 --> 00:22:53,070
that is a beneficial argument rather

442
00:22:57,710 --> 00:22:55,470
than a substantive one it is arguing

443
00:22:59,980 --> 00:22:57,720
that you shouldn't believe this because

444
00:23:02,120 --> 00:22:59,990
believing in and it has bad consequences

445
00:23:03,320 --> 00:23:02,130
unfortunately bad consequences have

446
00:23:06,530 --> 00:23:03,330
nothing to do with whether or not

447
00:23:10,580 --> 00:23:06,540
something is true thank you

448
00:23:12,800 --> 00:23:10,590
I I don't dispute the the fact that

449
00:23:14,600 --> 00:23:12,810
there are plenty of materialists who are

450
00:23:18,200 --> 00:23:14,610
moral and there are plenty of

451
00:23:21,260 --> 00:23:18,210
materialists who are trying to salvage a

452
00:23:25,300 --> 00:23:21,270
metaphysical basis for Ethics I don't

453
00:23:29,000 --> 00:23:25,310
think they can succeed my point is that

454
00:23:33,470 --> 00:23:29,010
their metaphysics doesn't support their

455
00:23:37,580 --> 00:23:33,480
ethics and our common sense intuitions

456
00:23:40,970 --> 00:23:37,590
that we are ethically responsible for

457
00:23:44,900 --> 00:23:40,980
our actions can't be explained very well

458
00:23:49,040 --> 00:23:44,910
on a materialist model and that is that

459
00:23:51,690 --> 00:23:49,050
clash between we should have a good fit

460
00:23:53,940 --> 00:23:51,700
with what we intuitively believe to be

461
00:23:56,250 --> 00:23:53,950
true we intuitively believe that we're

462
00:23:57,779 --> 00:23:56,260
responsible for our actions and that

463
00:24:02,399 --> 00:23:57,789
doesn't fit very well with the

464
00:24:05,279 --> 00:24:02,409
materialist paradigm that's my point but

465
00:24:08,730 --> 00:24:05,289
thanks for your comment yeah thank you

466
00:24:10,529 --> 00:24:08,740
very much a thought occurred to me which

467
00:24:14,129 --> 00:24:10,539
I wanted to share and which gives rise

468
00:24:17,460 --> 00:24:14,139
to a question I mean we all have that

469
00:24:20,970 --> 00:24:17,470
kind of physicalist bias and we think

470
00:24:23,029 --> 00:24:20,980
the solution and the saving grace will

471
00:24:26,460 --> 00:24:23,039
come from physics and from evil even

472
00:24:28,710 --> 00:24:26,470
deeper structure of understanding of

473
00:24:31,039 --> 00:24:28,720
matter maybe it's the other way around I

474
00:24:34,440 --> 00:24:31,049
mean we've had five hundred years of

475
00:24:37,259 --> 00:24:34,450
physical theories but we've practically

476
00:24:40,889 --> 00:24:37,269
had no time to develop proper theories

477
00:24:42,210 --> 00:24:40,899
of consciousness for instance maybe we

478
00:24:46,490 --> 00:24:42,220
should just flip the whole thing around

479
00:24:49,190 --> 00:24:46,500
what do you think I do think that

480
00:24:54,450 --> 00:24:49,200
consciousness based understanding is

481
00:24:59,279 --> 00:24:54,460
prior and more fundamental but my main

482
00:25:02,490 --> 00:24:59,289
point is that I think physics I don't

483
00:25:06,509 --> 00:25:02,500
think we should foreclose the answer on

484
00:25:10,259 --> 00:25:06,519
whether science can can get there or not

485
00:25:12,210 --> 00:25:10,269
and Kant did foreclose that he thought

486
00:25:17,310 --> 00:25:12,220
that we have other ways of knowledge

487
00:25:20,340 --> 00:25:17,320
faith and so on which are which are

488
00:25:22,710 --> 00:25:20,350
deeper than science and that these

489
00:25:28,110 --> 00:25:22,720
humanistic values can't be understood in

490
00:25:29,639 --> 00:25:28,120
scientific terms and he thought that the

491
00:25:31,310 --> 00:25:29,649
reason he thought that was because he

492
00:25:33,930 --> 00:25:31,320
was very wrapped up in Newtonian

493
00:25:36,720 --> 00:25:33,940
assumptions and part of that assumption

494
00:25:41,820 --> 00:25:36,730
is that the spatio-temporal framework is

495
00:25:44,909 --> 00:25:41,830
a fixed framework and one of the reasons

496
00:25:48,000 --> 00:25:44,919
why I think advanced physics is worth

497
00:25:51,409 --> 00:25:48,010
pursuing in relation to consciousness

498
00:25:54,379 --> 00:25:51,419
studies in SCI phenomena is because

499
00:25:57,450 --> 00:25:54,389
advanced physics that that rigid

500
00:26:00,450 --> 00:25:57,460
space-time mechanistic causation model

501
00:26:02,519 --> 00:26:00,460
is breaking down and that mean it's only

502
00:26:04,060 --> 00:26:02,529
the tip of the iceberg I agree with

503
00:26:06,500 --> 00:26:04,070
Garrett's

504
00:26:08,090 --> 00:26:06,510
observation that you we can't draw too

505
00:26:09,950 --> 00:26:08,100
much from what quantum mechanics has

506
00:26:11,750 --> 00:26:09,960
said but quantum mechanics is just the

507
00:26:14,600 --> 00:26:11,760
tip of the iceberg we already have

508
00:26:17,690 --> 00:26:14,610
quantum field theory which is deeper we

509
00:26:18,890 --> 00:26:17,700
have general relativity we have string

510
00:26:21,200 --> 00:26:18,900
theory which is trying to incorporate

511
00:26:23,210 --> 00:26:21,210
general relativity theory in quantum

512
00:26:26,750 --> 00:26:23,220
field theory and there may be new

513
00:26:30,230 --> 00:26:26,760
science and we shouldn't foreclose close

514
00:26:36,920 --> 00:26:30,240
the door on whether science can give us

515
00:26:42,470 --> 00:26:36,930
a satisfactory model for a universal